组合交通标志信息量阈值研究

针对组合交通标志信息量阈值缺乏量化依据的问题, 设计了包含指路标志与车道行驶方向标志的组合标志, 测定了被试者视认组合标志的正确率及反应时间, 得到组合标志的信息量阈值, 并通过试验对模拟结果进行了验证。分析结果表明: 车道数为3~7时, 被试者对组合标志视认的正确率分别为94.17%、93.13%、93.50%、87.50%、86.07%, 反应时间分别为2 437.54、2 514.01、2 634.18、3 600.75、3 836.21 ms; 指路标志中一条路名信息的视认反应时间相当于组合标志中5个箭头的视认反应时间, 均为0.5 s;指引图形较简单的组合标志信息量阈值为6条路名信息, 指引图形较复杂的组合标志信息量阈值为5条路名信息, 指路标志若与车道行驶方向标志组合设置则应相应减少路名信息。

Investigation of information quantity threshold on combined traffic signs

Aiming at lacking quantitative basis for information quantity threshold of combined traffic signs, combined signs containing guide sign and lane directional sign were designed.The subjects'visual cognition accuracy and reaction time of combined signs were measured.The information quantity threshold of combined signs was obtained and tests were carried out to verify simulation results.Analysis result shows that when lane numbers are 3-7, the subjects'visual cognition accuracies of combined signs are 94.17%, 93.13%, 93.50%, 87.50%, 86.07% respectively, and reaction times are 2 437.54, 2 514.01, 2 634.18, 3 600.75, 3 836.21 ms respectively.The visual cognition reaction time of information for one road name in guide sign is equal to that of five arrows in combined signs, both are 0.5 s.The information quantity threshold of combined signs is equal to information quantity for six road names when guide picture is simple, and the information quantity threshold of combined signs is equal to information quantity for five road names when guide picture is complex.If guide sign and lane directional sign are combined, the information of road name should be decreased correspondingly.