城市轨道交通环境影响评价存在的问题及对策

分析国内城市轨道交通项目环境影响评价中存在的问题，包括报告书中存在的典型问题：项目在设计阶段与规划阶段线路方案变化较大时以及对环境产生较大影响的路段不进行方案比选、提出的减振降噪环保措施的科学性及合理性不足、公众参与内容的针对性不强等。指出目前作为主要的环评技术支撑文件《环境影响评价技术导则：城市轨道交通》存在问题：噪声及振动源强、衰减距离和衰减量的预测评价、减振降噪措施效果选取依据等内容规定得不够细化，对二次结构噪声和古建筑等的评价方法尚待完善。最后提出相关对策和建议：环保部应加强对评价单位的培训和日常考核，尽快启动《环境影响评价技术导则：城市轨道交通》的修订工作，加强验收项目数据的统计和总结，提高报告书的编制质量，完善环境影响评价技术导则等内容。

About the problems existing in the environmental impact assessment of urban rail transit industry

This paper on the environment impact assessment (eia) of domestic urban rail transit project, report exist such as project during the design phase and planning phase line scheme change is bigger, and have great influence on the environment of the road is not for comparison, the vibration noise reduction of environmental measures are put forward the scientific nature and rationality of insufficiency, the content of public participation in targeted not strong, this paper analyzed the typical problems, and also put forward to hold the documents at present as the main eia technology in environmental impact assessment technical guideline of urban rail transit, there is strong noise and vibration source, the attenuation distance and attenuation prediction and evaluation, vibration noise reduction effect is selected according to the content such as not enough refining, secondary structure and the evaluation method of ancient buildings such as noise is yet to be perfect. Suggestions of environmental protection should strengthen the training of evaluation units and daily inspection, to start as soon as possible the environmental impact assessment technical guideline of urban rail transit, revision of the work, to strengthen the statistics and summary of acceptance of the project data to improve the quality of report preparation, improve the environmental impact assessment technical guideline content such as the related countermeasure and the suggestion.