高速铁路道岔三维表面模型生成方法研究

高速铁路道岔病害整治是铁路工务部门日常维护的重要工作,通过非接触式扫描获取道岔断面轮廓来提升病害整治能力已势在必行,而利用扫描数据确定病害及整治位置的关键为建立精准的道岔三维数字模型。为生成高精度的变截面道岔三维表面模型,提出一种生成高速铁路道岔表面数字模型的几何法。以高速铁路18号道岔为例,根据变截面钢轨轮廓线型几何关系,推算任意位置截面轮廓线型节点列坐标及对应线型属性信息,编程实现尖轨与心轨表面数字模型自动化生成,然后与现有的拟合插值法和放样重建法进行比较。结果显示:几何法生成变截面道岔数字模型与设计模型偏差最大值小于0.1 mm、标准差小于0.02 mm,整体平滑性优于拟合插值法和放样重建方法,模型精度完全能够满足病害探测和整治及科学研究的要求。

Research on Generation Method of Three-dimensional Surface Model of High-Speed Railway Turnout

The high-speed railway turnout defects remediation is an important task for the routine maintenance of the railway engineering department. It is imperative to obtain the contour data of the turnout by non-contact scanning to improve the remediation ability, and the key to using the scanning data to determine the damages and remediation position is to establish accurate three-dimensional digital model of the turnout. In order to generate high precise three-dimensional model of high-speed rail turnout, a geometric method is proposed. Taking the No. 18 turnout of dedicated passenger line as an example, this paper calculates the node column coordinates of contour and attribute information in any position according to the line type and geometric relationship of the variable section rail profile, and generates automatically the digital model of switch and nose rail surface by program, which is then compared with the existing fitting interpolation method and stake out method. The result shows: the maximum deviation and standard deviation of the variable turnout section rail digital model generated by geometric method and design model are less than 0.1 mm and 0.02 mm respectively. The overall smoothness is better than that of the fitting interpolation method and stake out method, and the accuracy of the model can fully meet the requirements of defects detection and remediation and scientific research.