国内外铁路通信信号设备环境条件标准体系对比分析

开展国内外铁路环境条件标准对比分析,明确我国铁路设备与国外铁路运营条件的差异及适应性,是实施铁路"走出去"的前提和基础。国际上铁路通信信号环境条件主要采用IEC/TC 9制定的IEC 60571、IEC 61373、IEC62498及IEC 62236等标准,我国SAC/TC 278在IEC标准基础上,组织制定GB/T 25119、GB/T 21563、GB/T32347及GB/T 24338等相应标准。这些标准分别适用于车载设备气候环境、车载设备振动冲击、地面设备气候环境及振动,以及车载和地面设备的电磁兼容。通过对上述国际国内标准规定的环境气候条件、振动冲击参数以及电磁发射和抗扰度限值的对比分析可知:由于SAC/TC 278以等同采用或修改采用的方式进行标准转化,因此国内标准的环境条件及振动冲击等级划分、电磁辐射限值设置,以及各项试验的要求和方法等与相应的IEC标准基本相当,可以满足国际标准要求。另外,我国铁路通信信号设备采用的高原环境条件标准以及地面设备振动冲击标准要求严于国际标准。

Comparative Analysis of Domestic and Foreign Environmental Condition Standards for Railway Signaling & Communication Equipment

For the purpose of the internationalization of China railway,it is necessary to compare and analyze the environmental condition standards of domestic and foreign railways to indentify their differences and adaptabilities. The international physical environmental condition standards for railway signaling & communication equipment,including IEC 60571,IEC 61373,IEC 62498 and IEC 62236 are formulated by IEC/TC 9; while in China,GB/T 25119,GB/T 21563,GB/T 32347 and GB/T24338 are prepared by SAC/TC 278 based on the corresponding IECs. These standards are adapted respectively to weather condition,vibration and shock,and electromagnetic environment requirements for on-board and wayside equipment. By comparative analysis between IECs and corresponding GB standards,such as climate conditions,vibrate and shock parameters,and electromagnetic compatibility ultimate values,we can see that the GBs adapted to China railway signaling & communication equipments are basically equivalent to IECs requirements because GBs are formulated identically to or modified on the basis of IECs. Moreover,the plateau climate standard and vibration and shock standard for wayside equipment used in China are more stringent than international standards.