一种铁路道床用除沙装置

针对兰新客运专线无砟轨道结构特点,提出除沙装置总体技术方案。结合道床施工作业模式,设计并研制了一套新型的除沙装置,提出吹、扫、吸的综合作业模式,实现轨枕上表面和扣件区域的除沙。采用密封罩进行主体仿形设计,底部采用毛刷密封;设计多组吹嘴,将钢轨外侧区域的积沙吹到两股钢轨中间区域;在钢轨中间和两侧区域设置3个独立的吸扫装置;在吸沙口下方设置清扫毛刷,将轨道板上表面积沙刷起并通过吸扫装置吸走;采用激光检测技术,研制了能够检测应答器并控制密封罩及时避让障碍物的避障系统。经过静态试验和作业测试,除沙装置能够较好地去除轨道板上表面的积沙,为解决沙害提供了一种途径。

A Sand Removal Device for Railway Ballast Bed

Aiming at the structural characteristics of ballastless track in Lanzhou-Urumqi passenger dedicated line,the general technical scheme of sand removal device was put forward.Combining with the construction mode of ballast bed,a new type of sand removal device was designed and developed,the comprehensive operation mode of blowing,sweeping and sucking was put forward to achieve the removal of sand on the upper surface of the sleeper and the fastener area.The sealing cover was used for the main body prof ile design,the bottom was sealed with a brush.The several sets of blowing nozzles were designed to blow the accumulation sand in the outer area of the rail to the middle part of the two strand rails.Three independent sucking and sweeping devices were installed in the middle and both sides of the rail.The cleaning brush is set below the sucking mouth to brush the accumulation sand on the upper surface of the track plate,which is sucked away by a sucking and sweeping device.An obstacle avoidance system which can detect the transponder and control the sealing cover to avoid obstacles in time was developed by using laser detection technology.Through static test and operation test,the sand removal device can remove the accumulation sand on the upper surface of track plate,which could provide a way to solve the sand damage.