拓扑优化设计方法与经验设计方法的RC开孔深梁对比试验研究

为推动拓扑优化方法早日应用到钢筋混凝土深梁工程设计中,研究多目标优化算法并展开试验验证是实现此目的的必经之路。为此,开展分别按钢筋应力多目标ESO和经验设计方法设计的一组开孔深梁对比试验。试验结果表明,相较于经验设计方法,钢筋应力多目标ESO设计的试件在节省用钢量和基本保持承载力的前提下,变形能力和耗能能力大幅提升,受力钢筋能更充分发挥强度,同时改良了深梁脆性破坏的常规形态。造成这种改进的根本原因,是钢筋应力多目标ESO综合考虑了2个优化目标,设计的斜向钢筋能有效补强传力路径中垂直于受压混凝土的受拉方向,更契合深梁的受力机理。钢筋应力多目标ESO方法可供日后钢筋混凝土深梁工程设计参考。

Comparative experimental study of RC deep beam with openings between topology optimization and empirical design method

It is necessary to develop the multi-objective optimization algorithm to promote the application of topology optimization in RC deep beam engineering design at an early date and carry out the test verification further. Therefore, a comparative static test of deep beam with opening designed by multi-objective ESO of reinforcement stress and the empirical design method recommended by the Chinese code respectively were carried out. The results show that the specimen of optimization method has less reinforcement consumption, better deformation capacity and energy dissipation capacity based on the premise of carrying capacity. In addition, the vast majority of bearing steel can give full play so that it improves the brittle failure mode of deep beam and make one step closer to the design expectation of ductile failure. The primary cause of this improvement is that this optimization design method has taken two optimization objectives into comprehensive consideration. The designed oblique reinforcement can effectively reinforce the direction of tension concrete in the load-transfer path, which conform to the stress mechanism of deep beam. As a consequence, the multi-objective ESO of reinforcement stress can be used as a reference for future engineering design of RC deep beams.