基于知识元表达的地铁隧道施工事故情景库设计

在地铁隧道施工安全风险管理和应急管理过程中,为充分、高效利用已发生的事故的历史经验,需全面、准确提取事故过程的关键信息,并将其结构化表达。基于知识元理论和情景理论,将事故过程片段化和情景化,提出包括表现层、情景层和知识层的地铁隧道施工事故情景表达通用层次模型。根据15个案例,分析事故特征并提取情景因素信息,提出事故情景知识元表达式;基于此,提出了情景库构建框架和流程以及应用方式。针对某坍塌事故进行了案例分析,结果显示,模型可以简练、完备地表达事故信息,可为应用历史事故大数据指导地铁隧道施工安全风险预警和事故应急决策提供参考。

Design of subway tunnel construction accident scene database based on knowledge element expression

In the process of subway tunnel construction safety risk management and emergency management, in order to make full and efficient use of the historical experience of the accident, it is necessary to extract the key information of the accident process comprehensively and accurately and express it in a structured way. Based on the knowledge element theory and scenario theory, the accident process was segmented and contextualized, and a general hierarchical model of subway tunnel construction accident scenario expression was proposed. It included representation layer, scenario layer and knowledge layer. According to 15 cases, the accident features were analyzed. The information of scenario factors was extracted, and the expression of accident scenario knowledge element was proposed. Based on this, the framework and process of scenario database construction and application mode were proposed. A case study on the collapse accident shows that the model can express the accident information concisely and completely, which can provide a reference for the application of big data of historical accident to guide the safety risk early warning and emergency decision-making of subway tunnel construction.