以可靠度为中心的动车组设备预防性维修策略

广泛应用于高速铁路动车组设备维修领域的等周期预防性维修策略不可避免地使动车组设备可靠度随着维修次数和服役里程的增加而降低。为了制定更加符合设备衰退规律的维修计划以改善设备的可靠度,采用混合式故障率演化模型动态决策动车组设备的预防性维修计划,更符合随服役里程增加设备的维修间隔呈递减趋势的实际情况。在此基础上,将非完美维修方式分为初级维修和高级维修2种,并引入效费比的经济性分析方式决策每一次维修的具体方法。算例分析结果表明,以可靠度为中心的预防性维修策略便于搜寻最优解,并且对于故障维修成本较高的设备应有更高的可靠度要求,尤其在设备运行周期的后半阶段,应加强对其采取预防性维修措施。此外,当故障维修成本低于非完美维修成本时,设备的维修策略倾向于以故障维修为主的维修策略,而非预防性维修策略。

Preventive maintenance strategy for electric multiple unit equipment based on reliability

The periodical preventive maintenance strategy,which is widely used in the field of high-speed railway electric multiple unit(EMU)equipment maintenance,inevitably reduces the reliability of EMU equipment with the increase of maintenance times and service mileage.In order to develop a maintenance plan that is more in line with the law of equipment decline to improve the reliability of the equipment,the hybrid failure rate evolution model was used to dynamically determine the preventive maintenance plan of EMU equipment.It is more in consistent with the actual situation that the maintenance interval of equipment decreases with the increase of service mileage.On this basis,the imperfect maintenance was divided into junior maintenance and senior maintenance,and the cost-effectiveness ratio of economic analysis was introduced to determine the specific method of each maintenance.The numerical simulation results show that the preventive maintenance strategy based on reliability is convenient to find the optimal solution.Moreover,the equipment with high failure maintenance cost should have higher reliability requirements,especially in the second half of the equipment operation cycle.Preventive maintenance measures should be implemented more frequently.In addition,if the failure maintenance cost is lower than that of imperfect maintenance cost,the equipment maintenance strategy tends to be failure maintenance strategy rather than preventive maintenance strategy.