Analyzing pedestrian head injury to design pedestrian-friendly hoods |
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Authors: | T -L Teng V -L Ngo |
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Institution: | (1) Candida Oancea Institute, Polytechnic University of Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;(2) Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Department of Aerospace Sciences “Elie Carafoli”, University Politechnica of Bucharest, Str. Gh. Polizu Nr. 1, 011061 Bucharest, Romania |
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Abstract: | Head injuries are a major cause of fatalities in pedestrian-car accidents. The HIC (Head Injury Criterion) value, a measure of the fatality risk of a head injury, is calculated from the acceleration of the head’s center of gravity
(henceforth, head center) resulting from a head impact. The pedestrian’s head does not impact the hood at a direction normal
to the hood’s surface. The direction of motion of the head center may change extremely rapidly upon impact, and normal acceleration
may also significantly contribute to the resultant acceleration of the head center. Therefore, pedestrian head protection
studies should consider how normal acceleration contributes to the resultant acceleration of the head center. It is necessary
to control the resultant acceleration of the head center to produce an optimal characteristic pulse. This study analyzes the
composition and variations of the head’s acceleration in head-to-hood impacts, focusing on exactly how the normal and tangential
components of the acceleration contribute to the resultant acceleration of the head center. This study also considers how
structural design parameters affect each component of the resultant acceleration. Methods to control the resultant acceleration
of the head center to produce an optimal characteristic pulse can be proposed based on the results of this study. The analytical
models and the results of this study contribute to efforts to design vehicle hoods and pave the way for developing pedestrian
protection technologies. |
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