有源功率因数校正技术在车辆照明中的应用

上海轨道交通1号线DC·上海轨道交通1号线DC01型列车受当时电力电子技术水平发展所限,其照明电路整流环节采用了以二极管为整流元件的桥式不控整流电路。由于该电路的固有缺点,其镇流器供电不可避免地带来功率因数低下和谐波干扰问题,导致供电不连续、电能浪费、低压控制电路受到谐波干扰。针对不控整流电路进行了分析研究,在不控整流器和电容之间接入直-直开关变换器,使原电路中增加了有源功率因数校正环节,并对控制电路进行了设计。通过此项设计提高原整流电路的功率因数,以实现高效率、高性能、具有谐波抑制能力的电子照明回路。实验结果表明功率因数可由原0.65左右提高到0.99左右,达到了预期的目的。型列车受当时电力电子技术水平发展所限,其照明电路整流环节采用了以二极管为整流元件的桥式不控整流电路.由于该电路的固有缺点,其镇流器供电不可避免地带来功率因数低下和谐波干扰问题,导致供电不连续、电能浪费、低压控制电路受到谐波干扰.针对不控整流电路进行了分析研究,在不控整流器和电容之间接入直-直开关变换器,使原电路中增加了有源功率因数校正环节,并对控制电路进行了设计.通过此项设计提高原整流电路的功率因数,以实现高效率、高性能、具有谐波抑制能力的电子照明回路.实验结果表明功率因数可由原0.65左右提高到0.99左右,达到了预期的目的.

Application of Active Power Factor Correction Technology in Train Lighting

The DC 01 trains of Shanghai metro,constrained by the former technological level of power electronics,used a diode-based uncontrolled bridge rectifier as the AC/DC converter.Because of the intrinsic shortcoming of this direct output circuit design,the output voltage of the rectifier cannot be controlled and fit in with the requirements of the lighting loads.In addition,the direct uncontrolled rectifier-based power supply inevitably bring about problems like the lower power factor(PF),the harmonics interference and so forth.Consequently,the charging current is discontinuous,leading to power waste and disturbance in low-voltage control circuits.In this paper,the author makes a thorough analysis of the uncontrolled rectifier design,suggests a DC-DC chopper control switch converter be added in between the bridge rectifier and the intermediate capacitor,argues that this control design modification will result in a design circuit with an improved PF,higher efficiency and the reduced harmonics.