交通运输网络系统工程

网络化是交通运输系统的自然属性，交通基础设施建设与管理、系统的运营与服务，以及相关配套的政策与管理体制对于系统网络化都有内在需求.本文首先给出了交通运输网络系统工程的定义，并从交通运输网络系统工程中存在的科学问题及未来展望两个角度开展了详细论述.从交通运输系统复杂网络分析、交通运输系统网络化组织运营管理和城市交通系统网络化控制与诱导三个方面介绍了国内外研究与工程实践的最新现状，归纳总结了其中存在且迫切需要解决的科学问题.交通运输系统复杂网络分析的关键科学问题是探索不同交通运输网络拓扑结构与交通动力学时空演化规律、网络承载力、可靠性之间的动态耦合及匹配关系.交通运输系统网络化组织运营管理的关键科学问题是在交通基础设施物理结构为复杂网络的条件下，具有目标异性的多博弈主体(政府、运营企业、乘客等)之间如何实现利益平衡或达到帕累托最优.对于交通运输网络系统工程的未来发展，本文认为重点需要加强对综合交通运输网络系统工程的理论与方法论体系的研究，围绕“综合交通网络的构造演化机理”“城市交通网络供需平衡机理”“多层综合交通网络结构复杂特性及其动力学过程”“出行行为的多样性及可预测性”等问题进行探索.此外，由于新技术环境下的交通系统将出现颠覆性的变革，交通网络运输系统工程的内涵和外延也需要进行根本性的升级改造.具有自驱动、自组织、自决策能力节点的柔性交通运输网络及其共享运行机制，将会是交通运输网络系统工程未来的一个重要研究领域.

Transportation Network Systems Engineering

Networking is the natural attribute of transportation systems. There are always inherent requirements of systems networking for construction and management of transportation infrastructure, the operation and service, as well as the administrative agencies and policies of transportation systems. In this paper, the concept of transportation network systems engineering (TNSE) is defined firstly, the state of the art of TNSE both in scientific research and practice are introduced from aspects of complex network analysis, networking operation management, and networking control & guidance. The existing scientific problems of TNSE are also summarized. The key scientific problem of complex network analysis for transportation systems is to explore the dynamic coupling and matching relationship between different transportation network topologies and the spatial-temporal evolution pattern of traffic dynamics, network capacity and reliability. The key scientific problem of networking operation management is how to realize the trade- off or Pareto optimality among multi- agents with benefits heterogeneity (governments, operating agencies, passengers) under the complex network structured transportation infrastructure. For the future development of transportation network systems engineering, we think that it is necessary to strengthen the research on the theory and methodology of integrated transportation network systems engineering, which should focus on scientific problems such as structural evolution mechanism of integrated transportation network, supply and demand balance mechanism of urban transportation network, complex structural characteristics and dynamic process of multi-layer integrated transportation network, as well as diversity and predictability of travel behavior, etc. Furthermore, the covering scopes of transportation network systems engineering also need to be fundamentally upgraded due to the dramatic change of transportation system accompanying with increasing of new emerging technologies. The flexible transportation network with nodes of self- driving, self- organizing, and self- decision- making ability and its shared operation mechanism will be an important research field of transportation network systems engineering in the future.