国内船舶造修企业的VOCs排放现状及治理措施

船舶造修过程中的预处理及涂装工艺,会产生并排放大量的可挥发性有机化合物(VOCs),严重污染大气环境,危害人体健康。通过对国内相关船舶造修企业的走访和调查,梳理了船舶造修过程中产生VOCs的工艺环节,近年来因VOCs排放超标受到环保职能部门处罚的案例,以及当前企业的涂料用量和VOCs的排放现状。同时,汇总了船舶造修企业常见的VOCs净化处理技术及其适用的情况,并介绍了实际进行VOCs治理的案例。对比国内外先进船舶建造行业,并基于我国船舶造修企业的实际情况和VOCs法规的排放要求,提出若干工艺优化的建议和举措,旨在减少排放且降低成本。

Current Status of VOCs Emission and its Controlling during Ship Fabrication and Repairing

Pretreatment and painting processes during ship fabrication and repairing will produce and emit lots of VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds), which will cause atmosphere pollution and harm human health. With the survey of shipyard, the specific procedures to produce VOCs were clarified and classified; cases of pollution punishment due to the excess emission of VOCs and current status of VOCs emission in shipyard were also summarized. Moreover, advanced approaches and their features for emission reduction of VOCs during shipbuilding were compared, and cases of emission controlling of VOCs were introduced and analyzed during the actual painting process. With the consideration of oversea ship industries and emission requirement of related law, some suggestions were proposed for domestic shipyard to reduce the emission of VOCs with less cost.