低地板有轨电车车辆技术特征

近年来，中国有相当多的城市在筹备建设有轨电车系统，许多车辆企业也在积极研发低地板车辆。首先介绍低地板有轨电车车辆类型和研究实践。然后，详细阐述了低地板车辆技术特征，包括模块化设计、低地板设计、减震降噪设计、适应城市道路设计、独立轮转向架、制动系统、供电方式以及安全设计。最后指出，低地板车辆在结构、参数和性能等方面的多元化将增加车辆运营和维修的难度，中国应尽快规范化、标准化低地板车辆和有轨电车建设标准。

Technologies for Low-Floor Streetcar Development

Many cities are recently gearing up for developing streetcar system and many vehicle manufacturers are developing low-floor vehicles in China. This paper first introduces the researches in different types of low-floor vehicles. Then the paper elaborates the technology characteristics of low-floor streetcars in several aspects： modular design, low-floor design, vibration and noise reduction, consistency with urban roadway design, streetcar bogies with independent wheels, brake system, power supply, and safety design. Finally, the paper points out the diversity design will increase the level of difficulties in vehicle operation and maintenance. Because of that, the industry in China should quickly standardize the low-floor streetcar manufacturing process.