土拱效应计算理论比较与讨论

系统地阐述了土拱效应的起源、验证与发展，并详细介绍了土拱效应在桩承式路堤、挡土墙、被动桩等领域中的应用。将各领域中的土拱方法分为微分单元法与合理拱轴线法，指出各方法中理论上的区别及计算结果差异。微分单元法起源于粮仓效应中的Janssen连续介质模型，最先由Terzaghi提出，后续学者对微分单元法的改进也借鉴了改进的Janssen模型思想；合理拱轴线法即“结构拱”法，起源于普氏拱理论，与土拱效应应力转移本质有些出入。最后，讨论了微分单元法中的侧土压力系数与应力偏转迹线等相关问题，提出了侧向土压力系数新的表达形式，改进了以往水平方向静力不平衡问题，将微分单元法引入抗滑桩，为抗滑桩土拱效应的研究提供了新的思路。

Comparisons and Discussions on Calculation Theory of Soil Arching

The origin, verification and development of soil arching are systematically expounded, and the application of soil arching in pile-supported embankment, retaining wall and passive pile is introduced in detail. The methods of soil arch in various fields are divided into differential element method and reasonable arch axis method, and the theoretical differences and computational differences of these methods are pointed out: Differential element method originated from Janssen continuum model in silo effect and was first proposed by Terzaghi, later scholars used the improved Janssen continuum model to improve the method; The reasonable arch axis method, also known as the "structural arch" method, originated from the Soviet scholar M. M. Promojiyfakonov theory and is somewhat different from the stress transfer essence of soil arching. In the end, the problems of lateral earth pressure coefficient and the trajectory of principal stress in differential element method are discussed, and a new expression form of lateral earth pressure coefficient is put forward, which improves the problem of static unbalance in the previous horizontal direction, and introduces differential element method into anti-slide pile, providing a new idea for the research of anti-slide pile soil arching.