海洋 平台技术的现状及发展趋势

  目的  冬季，海洋核动力平台在渤海区域作业时，因出现的浮冰会对其造成威胁，所以基于安全的考虑，需要对浮冰与平台的碰撞过程进行分析。  方法  首先，利用有限元数值仿真方法模拟渤海浮冰与海洋核动力平台的碰撞过程，并将数值模拟过程的阻力—位移曲线与冰锥受压实验数据进行对比，验证该数值模拟方法的可行性；然后，基于渤海冰情建立典型浮冰模型，通过浮冰与平台的撞击过程分析结构响应；最后，采取分别固定冰厚和固定冰速改变浮冰尺寸的方式，分析该平台对于浮冰的承载能力。  结果  结果显示，在碰撞过程中，骨材强度对该平台的承载能力影响较大，碰撞力会随着浮冰的持续挤压而不断增大，直至浮冰反弹；随着浮冰移动速度和冰厚的增加，该平台所能承受碰撞的浮冰尺寸也会相应降低。  结论  研究表明，平台与浮冰碰撞部位骨材的强度直接影响其自身的承载能力，分析发现浮冰移动速度比浮冰厚度对平台承载能力的影响更大。

Present status and development trend of offshore platform technology

  Objectives  When an offshore nuclear power platform operates in the Bohai Sea area, it faces a threat from floating ice in winter. Therefore, for the sake of safety, it is necessary to analyze the collision process between the floating ice and the platform.  Methods  The finite element numerical simulation method is used to simulate the collision process between floating ice and a marine nuclear power platform. Comparing the resistance-displacement curve of the numerical simulation process with the data of the ice cone compression experiment, the feasibility of the numerical simulation method is verified. Based on the ice conditions in the Bohai sea, a typical floating ice model is established, and structural response is analyzed by the impact process between the floating ice and the platform. The bearing capacity of the platform for floating ice is then analyzed by changing the size of the floating ice with fixed ice thickness and fixed ice speed respectively.  Results  The results show that during collision, the strength of the aggregate has a great influence on the bearing capacity of the platform, and the impact force increases with the continuous extrusion of the floating ice until the floating ice rebounds. With the increase of the size and thickness of the floating ice, the size of the floating ice that the platform can withstand a collision with reduces accordingly.  Conclusions  Studies have shown that the strength of the aggregate at the collision site between the platform and the floating ice directly affects its own carrying capacity. This analysis finds that the speed of the floating ice has a greater impact on the bearing capacity of a platform than its thickness.