基于概念分析的铁路客站结构优化研究

应用解释结构模型,分析铁路客站结构设计参数与工程材料用量之间的影响关系,得到结构设计参数的逻辑层级关系.在客站雨棚结构的各设计参数中,基本风压、材料强度和雨棚高度对雨棚结构的用钢量影响最大,处于逻辑关系的第1层级；结构类型、站型、基本柱网和抗震设防烈度等参数的影响较大,处于第2层级；其他处于低层级的设计参数对用钢量影响较小.结合解释结构模型的分析结果,选取影响雨棚经济性较大的前2个层级中的设计参数为主要变量,运用概念分析方法进行雨棚结构优化,得出不同条件下合理的结构形式及工程用钢量范围.结果表明,以用钢量作为优化目标时,双侧悬挑雨棚的经济性优于单侧悬挑雨棚；实腹钢梁结构适用于所有双侧悬挑雨棚；单侧悬挑结构则需根据跨度、基本风压、有无拉杆等条件具体判断其适用的结构形式.

Structure Optimization Research on Railway Stations Based on Conceptual Analysis

Using the method of Interpretative Structural Model(ISM),the relationship between the amount of engineering material and the design parameters of railway station is researched,and the logical hierarchical relationship of the structural design parameters is obtained.All design parameters of station canopy structure affect the steel consumption,but reference wind pressure,material strength and canopy height have the greatest impact,which are in the first level of the logical relationship.The design parameters in the second level,such as structure type,station layout,basic column grid,seismic fortification intensity and so on,have a greater impact.Other parameters in the lower level have less impact on steel consumption.Combined with ISM analysis results,choosing the design parameters in the first and second levels which have greater impact on the economical efficiency of canopy as the main variables,the canopy structure is optimized by conceptual analysis method and the reasonable structure forms under different conditions as well as the range of steel consumption are obtained.Results show that,with steel consumption as optimization target,the economical efficiency of bilateral cantilever canopy is superior to that of unilateral one.Solid web steel beam structure is applicable for all bilateral cantilever canopies.The applicable structure form for unilateral cantilever canopy depends on its span,reference wind pressure,with or without a rod and other conditions.