船体结构焊接变形的预测与控制研究进展

综述船体结构焊接变形预测与控制技术的研究进展。分析各种焊接变形预测和控制方法的特点,重点阐述几种预测方法:基于有限元分析的热弹塑性法和等效载荷法,以及基于数据挖掘的焊接变形预测法。同时,概括了几种船体结构焊接变形的控制方法:双丝旁路耦合电弧熔化极气体保护焊(Double ElectrodeGas Metal Arc Welding,DE-GMAW)、激光-电弧复合焊接技术和搅拌摩擦焊等先进焊接技术,优化焊接工艺参数、改变焊接顺序、改变约束方式等焊接工艺措施,以及施加反变形、控制温度场、综合分析等。相信近几年大数据、深度学习、机器人等领域的高速发展也会给船舶行业带来更成熟、有效的预测理论及更精确的变形控制技术。

Research Progress on Prediction and Control of Welding Deformation of Hull Structure

The research progress of prediction and control technology on ship welding deformation is summarized.The characteristics of various prediction and control methods on welding deformation are analyzed,and the following prediction methods are emphatically elaborated:thermal elastic plastic finite element method and equivalent load method,and welding deformation prediction method based on data mining.Several control methods of welding deformation are profiled:double electrode gas metal arc welding(DE GMAW),laser arc hybrid welding technology,friction stir welding and other advanced welding technologies.The welding parameters optimization,changes of welding sequence and restraint mode,and other welding process measures,as well as anti deformation applying,temperature field controlling,comprehensive analysis,etc.are introduced.With the rapid development of big data,deep learning,robotics and other fields in recent years,it is believed that it will bring more mature and effective prediction theory and more precise deformation control technology to the shipbuilding industry.