A pedestrian flow model considering the impact of local density: Voronoi diagram based heuristics approach |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;3. School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China;2. Research Center for Crisis & Hazard Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China;1. College of Information Science & Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China;2. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China;3. Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China;1. Department of Transport Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden;2. Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany;1. Institute of Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany;2. Department of Transport Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | Local density, which is an indicator for comfortable moving of a pedestrian, is rarely considered in traditional force based and heuristics based pedestrian flow models. However, comfortable moving is surely a demand of pedestrian in normal situations. Recently, Voronoi diagram had been successfully adopted to obtain the local density of a pedestrian in empirical studies. In this paper, Voronoi diagram is introduced into the heuristics based pedestrian flow model. It provides not only local density but also other information for determining moving velocity and direction. Those information include personal space, safe distance, neighbors, and three elementary characteristics directions. Several typical scenarios are set up to verify the proposed model. The simulation results show that the velocity-density relations and capacities of bottleneck are consistent with the empirical data, and many self-organization phenomena, i.e., arching phenomenon and lane formation, are also reproduced. The pedestrians are likely to be homogeneously distributed when they are sensitive to local density, otherwise pedestrians are non-uniformly distributed and the stop-and-go waves are likely to be reproduced. Such results indicate that the Voronoi diagram is a promising tool in modeling pedestrian dynamics. |
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| Keywords: | Pedestrian dynamics Comfort level Local density Heuristics Voronoi diagram Stop-and-go waves |
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