半干旱地区公路岩质边坡植被恢复技术工程试验——以内蒙古赤峰-通辽高速公路为例

针对半干旱地区公路岩质边坡的生态恢复难题,以内蒙古赤峰-通辽高速公路某岩质边坡为例,采用保育块技术与客土喷播技术相结合的方法构建以木本(灌木)为主、草本植物为辅的坡面植物群落。试验结果表明,此方法可使木本植物成活率达到60%以上且长势良好;草本植物生长茂盛,地上部生物量达自然阴坡生物量水平;物种构成以木本植物和多年生草本植物为主,群落稳定且植被覆盖度高于70%;移植的保育块树苗的根系结构与天然树木相似,具有主根发达、侧根不多但较强壮、根系呈网络状深入土中等特征。

Experimental Study on Woody Plant Community Construction of Road Rock Slope in Semi-arid Area:A Case Study on Chifeng-Tongliao Expressway in Inner Mongolia

To solve the ecologic restoration problem of road rock slope in semi-arid area, the woody plant community was constructed using the nursery block and soil spray-sowing technique, taken the Chifeng-Tongliao expressway in Inner Mongolia for example. The results show that (1) the woody plants grew well and their survival rate is more than 60%; (2) the herbaceous plants grew strongly and their aboveground biomass has attained the level of natural shady slopes; (3) the plant community is stable and its coverage is more than 70%, which basically consist of woody plants and perennial herbs; (4) the root structures of nursery block seedlings are similar to those of natural ones, with a sturdy taproot and several strong lateral roots, which formed a network structure and penetrated into deeper soil layer.