隧道及地下工程渗漏水诱发原因与防治对策

渗漏水防治是隧道及地下工程全寿命周期内必须面对的难点和挑战.为此,综述了隧道及地下工程渗漏水防治实践与研究的最新进展,探讨了渗漏水类型及诱发原因、服役期渗漏水检测方法及原理、设计施工阶段渗漏水预防的理念及技术措施、施工运营期渗漏水处治的内涵及方法,展望了值得重视的未来发展及研究方向.研究结果表明:隧道及地下工程渗漏水可...

Prevention and Mitigation Methods for Water Leakage in Tunnels and Underground Structures

Water leakage in tunnels and underground structures is a challenging problem that must be carefully addressed at any stage of the life cycle of an underground structure or tunnel. In this article, recent advances in the prevention and mitigation of water leakage in tunnels and underground structures are reviewed with the intention of stimulating the study and application of newly developed and relevant techniques. First, the forms of water leakage and its causes are analyzed in detail. Second, traditional and innovative water leakage detection methods are critically reviewed. Third, some important waterproofing concepts and leakage mitigation measures are summarized. Finally, a discussion of the potential directions for future research on this topic is presented. Water leakage in tunnels and underground structures can be classified into many types according to the occurrence position of water leakage, form, and water content. The causes of water leakage are miscellaneous, involving aspects of hydrogeological conditions, design, construction, and service environment. The accuracy of the rapid nondestructive testing (RDT) method for water leakage must be further improved. At the present stage, this method should be combined with the conventional testing method. The future development trend for the RDT method may include intelligence, convenience, and real-time monitoring and warning. The core for the prevention of water leakage is proper principles of design for waterproofing and drainage, reliable construction quality for waterproofing systems, and satisfactory strength and durability of waterproofing material. The main method for mitigating water leakage is grouting. The grout diffusion mechanism, determination of grout amount and thickness, grout-water interaction, and new types of grouting material must be further investigated. The conclusions drawn and the discussion of potential future research provide a directional reference for research and engineering practices for the prevention and mitigation of water leakage in tunnels and underground structures.