桥梁抗震智能与韧性的发展

随着科学技术的飞速发展,各种新技术相互融合,改变着人们的生活,社会呈现出人口、建筑以及财富的高密度特征,人们对灾患的预警、应灾、灾后复原、恢复和重建能力有着更高、更全面的要求,桥梁抗震也向着对各种实际需求具有高质量、高性能适应性的智能性方向发展。为进一步深化可持续发展,当前结构抗震已经从基于生命安全的结构抗震减震转向震后结构功能可恢复与快速修复,这对桥梁抗震的韧性提出了要求。为此,首先介绍了桥梁抗震中智能和韧性的含义,指出其是桥梁抗震研究的2个主要关注点,阐明了智能和韧性之间的相互关联、相互补充关系。而后从近断层地震荷载、桥梁减震体系设计、桥梁装置的设计、可恢复结构和预制装配技术以及桥梁路网系统等方面,基于智能和韧性的视角,总结了研究人员为提升桥梁防震能力所做的努力。并基于现有的工作基础,从抗震体系或装置的多功能与高性能化、监测技术的高效发展以及韧性评价体系的完善方面,阐述了进一步推进抗震智能与韧性应该做的工作。最后,结合当前“互联网+”与“人工智能”等技术在社会各领域中表现出来的引领作用,对未来在设计、运营、震后维修等阶段如何方便、快捷、高效地保证桥梁抗震智能和韧性进行了展望和构想。

Development of Intelligence and Resilience for Bridge Seismic Design

With the rapid development of science and technology,various new technologies are integrated,and people's lives are rapidly changed.Society presents the characteristics of high density of population,buildings and wealth.People have higher and more comprehensive requirements for disaster warning,disaster response,post-disaster recovery,and reconstruction capabilities.The focus of seismic research on bridges is also developing towards the intelligent direction with high-quality and high-performance adaptability to various practical needs.Besides,in order to comply with the national strategy of sustainable development,the current structural seismic focus has changed from structural seismic isolation based on life safety to post-earthquake structural function recovery and rapid repair,which requires the bridge to have high seismic resilience.This paper first introduces the meaning of seismic intelligence and resilience of bridges,which are two interrelated and complementary concerns in bridge seismic research.Then,from the perspectives of near-fault seismic load,bridge system design,device design,recoverable structure and prefabricated technology,and road network system,based on the perspective of intelligence and resilience,the researchers summarized how to improve the seismic capacity of the bridge.And based on the existing work foundation,from the aspects of multifunction and high performance of seismic system or device,efficient development of monitoring technology and improvement of resilience evaluation system,the work that should be done to promote seismic intelligence and resilience further is explained.Finally,combining with the“Internet plus”and“artificial intelligence”technologies,which have shown a leading role in various fields of the current society,,the measures to be taken to guarantee the bridge seismic intelligence and resilience conveniently,quickly and efficiently in the future stages of design,operation and post-earthquake maintenance are forecasted and conceived.