连续测力轮对的数字试验研究

利用现车辐板轮制作连续测力轮对是当今轮轨力测量的一个趋势。然而，在试验室完成测力轮对的贴片与标定是一件十分费事的工作，而且最佳的贴片位置也不容易找到。现提出以有限元为基础的计算机仿真方法，分别对在垂向、横向载荷作用下的车轮辐板上的应变分布进行计算，并和试验结果进行比较，计算机仿真结果和试验结果吻合较好，进而分析计算不同的垂向及横向加载点对车轮辐板观测点应变的影响，寻找最佳贴片位置。这种计算方法可以大大缩短测试轮对的设计及标定周期，寻找最佳贴片位置，提高轮轨力的测试精度。

Study on Numerical Test of Instrumented Wheelset for Continuous Measurement

Using real wheel as the instrumented wheelsct which provides continuous measurement of the wheel/rail forces is a trend.But it is hard work to stick strain gauges and demarcate the wheelsct in laboratory, and it is difficult to find the best position of sticking strain gauges. A numerical method based on the finite element method is presented, and it can simulate strain in the wheel disc in the vertical and horizontal W/R loads. The simulated re- sults agree well with the test data. Then the relation between the strain in wheel and the point where the vertical and horizontal W/R load acts is studied.The best positions of sticking strain ganges are found by studying the results.According to study in the paper, the numerical method can make the period of demarcating and designing the instrumented wheelset shortened, the best positions of sticking strain gauges found, and test accuracy of the wheelset heightened.