路堑高边坡的工程和环境问题及对策

路堑边坡工程要适应坡地地形地质和环境特征,否则会导致边坡过高过秃,酿成工程和环境灾害。本文针对路堑高边坡的工程和环境问题,分析了路堑边坡高度与支挡工程的关系,边坡的高度与平均坡度、坡面形态的关系以及边坡防护与生态环境的关系,论述了坡脚支挡工程的收坡作用,挖方边坡逐级向上放缓的原理, 不同坡面形态对边坡工程的影响,以及边坡防护的绿色工程措施。据此提出路堑高边坡工程和环境问题的防治对策。基于边坡愈高愈缓的原理并顺应山坡形态来修建高陡的坡脚支档工程,并采用骨架(框架)加植被护坡。作为实例,论述了沪沽-西昌高速公路路堑高边坡病害工点的防治。

ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS AND COUNTERMEASURES OF HIGH CUTTING SLOPE OF SUBGRADE

Cutting slope engineering of subgrade must fit in with topographic, geologic and environmental characteristics of hillside fields, otherwise it can lead to the cutting slope too high and very bald and bring about engineering and environmental hazards. Aim at engineering and environmental problems of high cutting slope of subgrade,the author analysed interrelation between height of cutting slope and support engineering, interrelation between height and mean gradient of cutting slope, interrelation between height of cutting slope and hillside shape, and interrelation between protective engineering and ecological environmental of cutting slope, and expounded action reducing height of cutting with support engineering, principle changing gently of cutting slope step by step upward, affecting to slope engineering by every hillside shapes, and green engineering measure protecting cutting slope.Accordingly, the author advanced countermeasures for controlling engineering and environmental problems of high cutting slope of subgrade: to construct high and steep support engineering at slope foot, based on principle of the more high then the more slow to cutting slope and to submit to hillside shape, and to protect cutting slope with mainstay (or framework) add plat cover. Take this for example, the author expounded controlling to hazard projects of high cutting slope in the Lugu-Xichang high-speed highway.