基于人体17位压力分布的汽车座椅靠背舒适性研究

与人-椅接触界面压力普通分区方式相比,人体分为肩背部、腰部和臀部等17个部位的压力分布方式更符合汽车座椅人机工效学设计理念。在汽车座椅靠背舒适性方面,肩背部和腰部的人-椅接触界面压力是相辅相成的。采用人体17位压力分布方式,通过主客观评价相结合的方法,分析了座椅肩背部和腰部区域的人-椅接触界面压力之间的量化关系。结果表明,汽车座椅人-椅接触界面的肩背部和腰部最大舒适压力比率范围为25%~56%,其最大压力比率平均值约为40%。人-椅接触界面的肩背部和腰部区域平均舒适压力比率范围为8%~24%,其平均压力比率平均值约为13%。与腰部相比,肩背部区域的人-椅接触界面压力较小,感知更灵敏,压力梯度变化更需平缓过渡。

Research on Car Seat Comfort Based on Body Pressure Mapping Analysis of 17 Zones

Compared with the traditional pressure distribution analysis of the interface between the human body and a seat,the method of considering pressure distribution of 17 body parts,including shoulders,waist,hips and so on,is more accordant with the ergonomic principles in the design of a car seat. In terms of car seat comfort,the pressure on the shoulders and on the waist complement each other. Quantified relations between the interface pressure on the shoulders and on the waist were analyzed using the body map with 17 zones via subjective and objective evaluation-combinations. The results show that the ratio of the maximum interface pressure on the shoulders to that on the waist ranges from 25% to 56% with the average value of approximately 40%. Their ratio of average interface pressure is within the range of 8% ~ 24% with the average ratio value of approximately 13%. Since the shoulders are more sensitive to pressure than the waist,the pressure gradient on the shoulders should change more smoothly.