汽车空调对可吸入颗粒物的过滤机理和效果分析

本文旨在分析空调系统对可吸入颗粒物的阻隔机理、过滤机理和过滤效果。介绍了空调系统CLEAN AIR功能将车内空气质量控制在最优状态的工作机制。在不同风速下测定了单效空调滤清器和双效空调滤清器在过滤前后空气中可吸入颗粒物的计数浓度,得到了不同条件下各空调滤清器对可吸入颗粒物的过滤效率。研究发现,单效空调滤清器的过滤效率较低,不同条件下的过滤效率均不高于50%。双效空调滤清器对可吸入颗粒物的过滤效果更好,过滤效率达到80%以上,过滤效率随着颗粒物粒径的增大而增大,随着风速的增大而减小。双效过滤器的过滤阻力越大,其对可吸入颗粒物的过滤效率越高,而采用静电驻极技术可以在不牺牲风量的情况下显著提高可吸入颗粒物的过滤效率。另外,在不同的环境下,使用过相同里程和时间的空调过滤器的过滤效果会有很大差异。因此,依据过滤器的堵塞程度选择合理的更换周期,对维持良好的过滤效果具有重要的意义。

Analysis on Filtration Mechanism and Effects of Automotive Air Conditioning on Inhalable Particulate Matter

This paper aims to analyze the barrier,filtration mechanism and filtration effect of air conditioning system on inhalable particulate matter. This paper introduces the working mechanism of the CLEAN AIR function of the air conditioning system to control the air quality in the vehicle in the optimal state. The count concentrations of inhalable particles in the air before and after filtration of single effect air conditioning filter and multi effect air conditioning filter were measured at different wind speeds,and the filtration efficiency of each air conditioning filter for inhalable particles under different conditions was obtained. It is found that the filtration efficiency of single effect air conditioning filter is low,and the filtration efficiency is not higher than 50% under different conditions. The multi effect air conditioning filter has better filtering effect on inhalable particles,and the filtering efficiency reaches more than 80%. The filtering efficiency increases with the increase of particle size and decreases with the increase of wind speed. The greater the filtration resistance of the multi-effect filter is,the better the filtration efficiency of inhalable particles will be. The electrostatic electret technology can significantly improve the filtration efficiency of inhalable particles without sacrificing the air volume. In addition,in different environment,the filtering effect of air conditioning filters that have used the same mileage and time will be very different. Therefore,selecting a reasonable replacement cycle according to the blockage degree of the filter is of great significance to maintain a good filtering effect.