Density-dependent effects on seston dynamics and rates of filtering and biodeposition of the suspension-cultured scallop Chlamys farreri in a eutrophic bay (northern China): An experimental study in semi-in situ flow-through systems |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Seestrasse 15, D-18119 Rostock, Germany;2. Marine Science and Technology Center, Klaipeda University, H. Manto 84, LT-92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania;3. CRM, Coastal Research & Management, Tiessenkai 12, D-24159 Kiel, Germany;1. Department of Ocean Sciences and Biology Department, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John''s, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada;2. National Institute of Water and Atmosphere Research, PO Box 11-115, Hamilton 3251, New Zealand;3. Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92091, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;4. School of Global Environmental Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1036, USA;5. Tvärminne Zoological Station, University of Helsinki, 10900 Hanko, Finland;6. Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, 00251 Helsinki, Finland;1. Institute of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark;2. IMAR – Institute of Marine Research (C.I.C.), c/o Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês de Pombal, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal;3. DHI – Water, Environment, Health, Agern Allé 5, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark;1. Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal;2. EIGSI École d''Ingénieurs La Rochelle, 26 rue de Vaux-de-Foletier, 17041 La Rochelle, Cedex 1, France |
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| Abstract: | Effects of stocking density on seston dynamics and filtering and biodeposition by the suspension-cultured Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri Jones et Preston in a eutrophic bay (Sishili Bay, northern China), were determined in a 3-month semi-field experiment with continuous flow-through seawater from the bay. Results showed that the presence of the scallops could strongly decrease seston and chlorophyll a concentrations in the water column. Moreover, in a limited water column, increasing scallop density could cause seston depletion due to scallop's filtering and biodeposition process, and impair scallop growth. Both filtration rate and biodeposition rate of C. farreri showed significant negative correlation with their density and positive relationship with seston concentration. Calculation predicts that the daily removal of suspended matter from water column by the scallops in Sishili Bay ecosystem can be as high as 45% of the total suspended matter; and the daily production of biodeposits by the scallops in early summer in farming zone may amount to 7.78 g m− 2, with daily C, N and P biodeposition rates of 3.06 × 10− 1, 3.86 × 10− 2 and 9.80 × 10− 3 g m− 2, respectively. The filtering and biodeposition by suspension-cultured scallops could substantially enhance the deposition of total suspended particulate material, suppress accumulation of particulate organic matter in water column, and increase the flux of C, N and P to benthos, strongly enhancing pelagic–benthic coupling. It was suggested that the filtering-biodeposition process by intensively suspension-cultured bivalve filter-feeders could exert strong top-down control on phytoplankton biomass and other suspended particulate material in coastal ecosystems. This study also indicated that commercially suspension-cultured bivalves may simultaneously and potentially aid in mitigating eutrophication pressures on coastal ecosystems subject to anthropogenic N and P loadings, serving as a eutrophic-environment bioremediator. The ecological services (e.g. filtering capacity, top-down control, and benthic–pelagic coupling) functioned by extractive bivalve aquaculture should be emphasized in coastal ecosystems. |
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