有限元评估中人孔模拟方法合理性的研究

有限元评估中，对主要支撑构件腹板上的人孔，协调版共同结构规范（CSR-H）要求删除适宜的单元进行模拟。而针对与人孔无本质差异的开口，规范允许采用不模拟开口但修正剪应力的方法。不同的模拟方法会引起人孔周围不同的应力水平。文章分析应力差异产生的原因，并比较各方法下人孔周围的应力集中系数。最后从单元屈服利用率的角度评估不同人孔模拟方法的合理性。

Rationality of manholes modelling in FEM analysis

According to Harmonised Common Structural Rules (CSR-H), for manholes on primary supporting members (PSM), adequate elements should be removed during FEM analysis; while for the openings which are similar to manholes, shear stress should be modiifed without simulation of the openings. Different modeling methods will cause different stress levels around the manholes. It analyzes the reason causing stress differences, and compares the stress concentration factors around the manholes induced by different methods. Finally a conclusion is drawn to evaluate the rationality of different simulation methods from the viewpoint of yielding utilization factor.