弹性阻尼耦合轮对动力学特性分析

耦合轮对左右车轮间是通过耦合度可变的耦合器连接的,既不完全固结,也不可相对独立旋转,因此其动力学性能也有别于二者。现建立弹性阻尼耦合轮对(EDCW)车辆的动力学模型,系统地分析了其直线稳定性和曲线通过性能。研究发现,选择适当的耦合度时,全部轮对均为EDCW的车辆系统动力学性能居于传统轮对和独立旋转车轮车辆系统之间。在直线上的临界速度小于独立旋转车轮而大于传统轮对,在曲线上的导向性能劣于传统轮对而优于独立旋转车轮,其直线上临界速度的提高是以曲线上导向能力的下降为前提的。研制一种具有主动控制性能的耦合器,使其在高速时具有小耦合度,在低速和通过曲线时具有大耦合度,可以很好地满足当今铁路发展的需求。

Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of Elasto Damper Coupled Wheelset

The left and right wheels of coupled wheelset are connected by a coupler,whose coupling factor is variable,and they are neither fully consolidated nor relatively independent rotating,therefore,the dynamic characteristics of the coupled wheelset are different from both.In this paper,the dynamic calculating model of a vehicle with Elasto Damper Coupled Wheelset(EDCW) is established,and its straight line stability and curving performance are systematically analyzed.It is found that when choosing reasonable coupling factor,the dynamic characteristics of vehicle system with EDCW are between the traditional wheelset and independently rotating wheels.The critical velocity in a straight line is less than that in independently rotating wheels and greater than that in traditional wheelset,the guiding performance on curve is inferior to that in the traditional wheelset but is superior to that in independently rotating wheels,and the improvement on the critical speed of EDCW on a straight line is based on the decline of guiding performance on curve.To meet the needs of today’s railway development,the coupler with active control performance should be developed,with a small coupling factor at high speed and a large coupling factor at low speed and through the curves.