行人步行设施紧急疏散出口设置方法

从行人疏散过程和紧急疏散出口通过能力的角度，分析行人步行设施紧急疏散出口设置的影响因素，并提出紧急疏散出口设置方法．研究发现，在总宽度一定的情况下，紧急疏散出口的个数越多，其相应的总通过能力越低．基于步行设施内疏散行人的数量、初始位置，紧急疏散出口的行人通过能力，多紧急疏散出口的行人选择策略，以及紧急疏散出口的设置指标，构建了行人步行设施紧急疏散出口设置的优化模型；并提出其简化的求解算法，实现紧急疏散出口个数、位置和宽度的优化设置．结合算例，从紧急疏散出口布局优化的角度，提出北京市西直门换乘枢纽紧急疏散出口布局的改进措施．

Setting method of emergency exits in pedestrian walking facilities

The method of setting emergency exit in pedestrian walking facilities is presented, based on the process of pedestrian evacuation and the passing capacity of evacuation exit. It is found that, with certain total width, the more emergency exits there are, the lower total through capacity will be. An optimization model of setting emergency exit in pedestrian walking facilities was built based on the number of evacuation pedestrians, their initial positions, the passing capacity of exits, the selection strategy of multi-exits and the indicators of setting emergency exit. Furthermore, a practical and sim- plified algorithm was proposed to compute the number, position and width of emergency exits, Final- ly, the feasibility of the model was verified through a simple case in Beijing Xizhimen Subway Station, in which some improvement measure were proposed to optimize the layout of emergency exits.