都市环境中边缘群体的叙述:崇尚阿里教派的文本化进程

崇尚阿里的派别过去由于历史误解而被逊尼派和什叶派的主流派看作是“异端”而居住于偏僻的山区躲避迫害。上世纪80年代以来,因该派在叙利亚和土耳其的代表努赛里派及阿拉维派在政治上获得了较高的地位而在社会和经济生活方面发生了很大的变化。原来靠隐秘的传述口语维系宗教传统的记录材料向来被认为是“野史”而被学界所忽视。本文通过分析论证了这些通过口头描述的书面资料如何在历史环境变化的进程中被塑造和重新构建为认同这些崇尚阿里派别的宗教象征和内容,并演绎成为它们宗教信仰和教义的一部份。这种隐秘的叙述资料为宗教人类学的学者们开辟了一个新的研究领域。

Narratives from the Margins in Urban Settings: the Scripturalization of Ali-oriented Religions

Due to historical misunderstandings,the Ali-oriented religious groups were treated by the Sunni Islam and the Shi'a mainstream as "heretics" and therefore resided in the mountainous areas to escape from persecution.However,since the 1980s,the representatives of the Ali-oriented sects in Syria and Turkey,the Nussayers and Alawiyers have gained a high political position and thus undergone big changes in their social and economic lives.The formal narrative and mystical recordings have been dismissed by the academic circle as "unreliable materials" for a long time.This paper analyzes how these narratives were shaped and reconstructed into religious symbles and meanings by the Ali-oriented groups in the changing historical process,and have become part of their religious faith and doctrine.This type of mystical narrative materials have paved a new way for anthropologists of religion in their research work.