高速公路收费广场收费车道配置研究

为建设合理规模的高速公路收费车道提供科学的理论依据,运用流体力学模拟理论和排队论建立了车辆通过收费广场的延误时间模型。以车辆通过收费广场的总延误时间作为目标函数,总延误时间最小即收费车道个数最优。在进入过渡段和离开过渡段将车流比拟为流体,通过交通流量、交通流速、交通流密度三者间关系宏观描述车流聚集和消散的过程。对应于第2阶段,依据排队论的基本原理,建立关于收费车道个数的模型。然后建立总延误时间关于收费车道个数n的函数,通过表格和图形直观地得到最优的收费车道设置个数。流体力学理论建立的延误时间模型为收费广场收费车道配置提供了计算依据。

Configuration Research of Toll-gate on Freeway

For the sake of providing scientific theoretical basis for establishing appropriate counts of toll booth on freeway,a delay time model is established by hydromechanics theory and queuing theory.The objective function of the model is the average total delay time required for a vehicle to pass the toll plaza.When the average total delay time is minimized,then the number of toll booths is optimized.In the fan-in transition stage and fan-out transition stage,traffic flow is compared to fluid,making use of the relationship between traffic volume,traffic density and traffic speed to discuss how the traffic disperses and gathers at the transition area.For the second stage,getting help from queuing theory,build certain equations.Then,building up the objective function of average total delay time concerning about the number of toll booths.The last,with the aid of table and figure,we get the optimized numbers of toll booth.Thereby this delay time model established by hydromechanics theory will provide an academic basis for determining the number of toll booths.