高速冲击下一种新型吸能部件的特性研究

为了研究一种新的多边形截面吸能部件的工程应用性,采用显式动力有限元方法模拟薄壁结构在轴向冲击下的屈曲,分别建立了圆形截面吸能部件、矩形截面吸能部件和新型吸能部件的有限元碰撞模型并在当前高速碰撞有限元分析中考虑材料的应变率效应.通过数值计算观察3种类型部件的变形模式和压皱力.数值计算的结果表明在重量相同、厚度相同以及长度相同的情况下,新型吸能部件与矩形截面吸能部件和圆形截面吸能部件相比在变形过程中吸收冲击能量的能力提高.

Performance of a New Type of Energy-absorbing Member Subjected to High-speed Axial Impact

In order to study the applicability of a new kind of energy-absorbing member with polygon section shape, the deformation of thin-walled members subject to axial impact was simulated by using explicit dynamic finite element method. The finite element models of circle-section energy-absorbing member, rectangle-section energy-absorbing member and a new kind of energy-absorbing member were built respectively, and the effect of strain rates of materials was taken into account in the present high-speed impact FE analysis. Deformation modes and crumpling forces of the three kinds of energy-absorbing member were observed via computer simulation. Comparison result shows that the new energy-absorbing member can improve the energy absorption performance when these three kind of energy-absorbing members have the same weight, thickness and length.