影响城市交通的土地开发行为分析

试图用经济学原理探讨城市土地开发中,开发商忽略土地开发带来的交通拥堵,而仍旧在地块上进行高密度土地开发的原因,进而解释为什么市场规律在调节土地开发强度上是无效的;同时分析政府现行的土地开发管制政策的效用,探讨现有做法的局限性以及可能产生的长期不利影响;在分析企业和政府两方面行为的基础上,提出可能的控制土地开发强度的手段,即政府实行将土地开发带来的外部效应(交通拥堵)内在化的政策,通过市场调节企业土地开发行为,来达到缓解城市交通压力的目的。最后,分析内在化政策的适用性和制约因素,指出不同城市,不同地区,不同发展阶段的政策应有所区别。

Analyses of Land Exploitation Behaviors Influencing Urban Transportation

Based on economic principles, this paper explores the internal causes that lead to the fact that in urban land use development, developers always ignore traffic congestion due to their land use activities, and continue a dense land use pattern on high density land parcels. The paper further explains why the market rules are inefficient in control of high density land use activities. Meanwhile, the paper analyses the effects of the present control policies used by the governments, and discusses their limitations and possible long-term unfavorable effects. Based on an analysis of behaviors of land use firms and the government, the paper recommends strategies in land use control, such as, internalizing the externality of traffic congestion, control land use activities through market mechanism so as to release traffic congestion. Finally, the paper points out that different policies should be applied to different cities or regions in different development periods because of their applicability and limitations.