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本文旨在研究期望速度对速度—密度曲线的影响.通过引入期望速度建立了新的博弈表和相应的交通流中观模型,利用VBA和Matlab混合编程技术开发了相应的计算程序.对于一个期望速度类情况,分析了期望速度相同时不同的道路条件对应的速度—密度曲线,以及相同道路条件下,不同期望速度对应的速度—密度曲线.对于多个期望速度类的情况,研究了多个期望速度的变异系数对车流平均速度的影响,以及慢车比例对车流平均速度的影响.得出结论,驾驶员的期望速度差异是影响车流平均速度的主要因素之一.当密度较小时,交通流处于个体流模式,此时交通流平均速度主要由期望速度差异决定;当密度较大时,交通流处于集体流模式,此时交通流平均速度主要由密度决定.

A Traffic Kinetic Model Considering Desired Speed

In this paper, the desired speed variable is introduced into the ‘table of games’, and a new ‘table of games’ and corresponding traffic kinetic model are then formulated. The hybrid programming technique of VBA and MATLAB is used to develop the computational engine for the proposed model. The study focuses on the effect of desired speed on the speed density curve. With one desired speed, the relationship between average speed and density is investigated under different road conditions and desired speeds. With multiple desired speeds, an investigation is carried out on the effect of the coefficient of variation on average speed, and the effect of percentage of low desired speed vehicles on average speed. An important factor influencing average speed is the variation of the desired speed. When density is low, traffic flow is in an individual flow pattern, and the average speed of the traffic flow is determined by the variation of the desired speed. When density is high, traffic flow is in a collective flow pattern, and the average speed is determined by density.