The impact of terminal handling charges on overall shipping charges: an empirical study |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Business Studies, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, The Hong Kong SAR, China;2. Department of Economics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay Road, Kowloon, The Hong Kong SAR, China;1. Institute of Transport and Logistics Studies, University of Sydney Business School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia;2. Knowledge Management and Innovation Research Center, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong;1. School of Economics and Management, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, PR China;2. School of Administrative Studies, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Before the introduction of terminal handling charges (THCs), traditional freight rates included both ocean freight charges and terminal charges at ports. Since the introduction of THCs in 1991, the freight rate has become a “port-to-port” charge that covers only the sea leg, while the on-shore costs of using the container terminals are charged separately as THCs. Although both THCs and freight rates are collectively set by conferences, in this study we argue that the former are easier to enforce because they are invariant to other attributes such as haulage distance, inland transport services and types of commodity being shipped. This argument is consistent with the empirical findings from this study that suggest the separation of ocean freight rates from terminal charges has increased the overall shipping charges. In addition, we find that THCs affect the Hong Kong container handling industry by lowering its throughput. |
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