光滑明渠非恒定流量变化规律研究

建立了一套高精度的明渠非恒定流试验系统,并通过40组水槽试验研究光滑明渠内连续非恒定流传播过程中的流量变化规律。试验表明:1)非恒定流在传播过程中,当周期较长时,出口处的波峰流量趋近于进口处最大流量Qmax,波谷流量趋近于进口处最小流量Qmin;2)周期较小时,出口处的波峰、波谷流量均趋近于进口处的平均流量Q;3)在非恒定流传播过程中平均流量Q沿程保持不变。通过对40组试验结果分析,得到了明渠非恒定流传播时波峰流量Qmax及波谷流量Qmin的计算公式,相关分析表明两式均具有较好的精度。

Unsteady flow's discharge in open-channel with smooth bed

A highly accurate experimental system was established for the unsteady flow of the open channel.And then 40 experiments in the open flume were conducted to study the variation law of continuous unsteady flow’s discharge at the exit zone.The results show that: 1)Unsteady flow′s discharge at the exit zone is close to Qmax at the flow wave peak and to Qmin at flow wave bottom for a long period;2)When the period is short,the discharge at both wave peak and wave bottom are close to the averaged discharge Q;3)The averaged discharge Q is a constant at any propagation distance.Here,Qmax is the maximum discharge of unsteady flow,Qmin is the minimum discharge of unsteady flow,and Q is the averaged discharge.Finally a formula for calculating the discharge of the exit zone both of wave peak and wave bottom was developed,which was proved accurate by the measured data.