高速列车的稳定性

为了研究列车中各车辆在直线上和大半径圆曲线上的蛇行稳定性，建立了具有17个自由度的车辆系统非线性数学模型。模型中考虑了车钩力横向分力的作用，根据列车运行阻力确定各车辆(动车或拖车)的车钩力，其是列车速度和车辆在列车中位置的函数，列车编组共考虑了2M9T、3M8T和6M5T三种形式。应用牛顿一拉夫森达代法确定车辆系统的平衡位置，采用QR算法求解系统雅可比矩阵的特征值，并结合二分法搜索系统平衡位置失稳时的临界速度。通过计算得知，在直线上列车中各车辆的临界速度相差不大，但在曲线上有一定的差别，车辆在曲线上的临界速度要低于直线上的临界速度，曲线半径越小，其临界速度越低，因此进行曲线上的临界速度计算时，必须考虑车钩力的影响。

Stability of high-speed train

In order to study the straight and circular curved track stability of each vehicle in the train set, a mathematical model of vehicle system with 17 freedom degrees was set up. The lateral component of coupler force was considered. The coupler force of vehicle(motor car or trailer car), which is the function of train speed and vehicle position in the train set, was determined by the resistant force of train operation. Three types of train compositions, 2M9T, 3M8T and 6M5T were taken into account. The Newton-Raphson iteration method was utilized to determine the equilibrium position of vehicle system, the QR method was adopted to calculate the eigenvalues of the system Jacobian matrix and the critical speed of the system where the equilibrium position became unstable was searched by the two divided method. The calculation results show that coupler force has little effect on the critical speed of each vehicle in the train set on straight track, but has certain effect for vehicle on curved track, the critical speed on curved track is lower than on straight track, the smaller the curve radius is, the lower the critical speed is, so the influence of coupler force on the critical speed of vehicle must be considered, when train runs on curved track. 5 figs, 11 refs.