基于体积力法的半悬挂舵和全悬挂舵回转性对比

针对半悬挂舵和全悬挂舵回转性能差异问题，建立用于模拟螺旋桨推力的体积力模型，评估两种不同形式舵的回转性。对标模KCS船型回转运动进行计算流体动力学（Computational Fluid Dynamics，CFD）模拟，船后螺旋桨作用使用体积力模型替代。开展半悬挂舵回转性CFD模拟，并与试验结果对比验证。设计全悬挂舵并模拟其回转性，与半悬挂舵回转性进行比较。结果显示，半悬挂舵除战术直径与试验结果相差9.48%外，其他回转特性参数与试验结果相差均在3%以内，说明基于体积力法模拟回转性具有较高的可信度。全悬挂舵的回转特性参数均优于半悬挂舵，说明全悬挂舵的回转性能更佳。

Comparison of Turning Quality of Partially Underhung Rudder and Fully Underhung Rudder Based on Body Force Method

In view of the difference of turning quality between partially underhung rudder and fully underhung rudder, a body force model for simulating the propeller thrust is established to evaluate the turning quality of two types of rudders. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation of turning motion of standard model KCS ship type is performed, and the action of the propeller behind the ship is replaced by the body force model. The CFD simulation of turning quality of partially underhung rudder is performed and verified by comparison with the test results. A fully underhung rudder is designed and its turning quality is simulated and compared with that of a partially underhung rudder. The results show that, except that the difference between the tactical diameter and the test results is 9.48%, the difference between the other turning quality parameters and the test results is less than 3%, which indicates that the simulation of turning quality based on the body force method is of higher reliability. The turning quality parameters of fully underhung rudder are better than those of partially underhung rudder, which indicates that the fully underhung rudder is of better turning quality.