地铁车站环境热舒适与通风空调系统节能策略研究进展

我国城市轨道交通方兴未艾,改善候车环境的舒适性、降低地铁的运营能耗是保证地铁事业健康发展的必由之路。通风空调系统对地铁车站环境的舒适状况影响显著,但其能耗占地铁运营总能耗的比例大,有较大的节能潜力可以挖掘。因此,针对国内外关于地铁车站环境舒适性所开展的调查研究进行汇总,指出车站所在地的气象参数、车站结构和新旧程度以及沿进出站路线的环境参数变化幅度都是影响车站舒适性的主要因素。分析总结地铁通风空调系统的设计运营现状及节能研究进展,提出应通过物理过程分析合理建立空调负荷预测模型等,结合历史运行数据进行地铁通风空调系统运行方案的改进优化。

Research on Thermal Comfort and Energy Saving Strategies of Ventilation and Air-conditioning System in Underground Subway Stations

China is experiencing rapid development of urban mass transit.It is absolutely necessary to improve waiting environment of passengers and reduce operational energy consumption of subway systems in order to ensure sustainable development of the railway.Ventilation and air conditioning systems in subway stations play key roles in thermal environments and account for a large part of the total energy consumption of subway systems.As great potentials exist in energy saving,researches on thermal comfort situations in metro stations are conducted at home and abroad.This paper summarizes the research results and finds that the main influential factors include the meteorological parameters,the type of station structure,the ages of stations,and the changes of the environmental parameters along the lines entering and exiting the stations.Then,it analyzes the current design and operational situations of ventilation and air conditioning systems of subway stations,and summarizes the progresses of researches on energy conservation.It is proposed that the load prediction model of air conditioning systems of subway stations should be reasonably established based on physical process analysis to optimize operational schemes of subway ventilation and air conditioning system with reference to historical operational data.