深水耐压壳仿生设计与分析

文章研究了千米水深蛋壳仿生耐压壳的设计理论与分析方法,首先采用Upadhyaya方程、N-R方程,分别建立了鸡蛋壳、鹅蛋壳形状函数;其次,设计了6 km水深鸡蛋壳、鹅蛋壳仿生耐压壳,并基于解析法和数值法,对这两种结构进行强度和稳定性研究;最后,建立了球形、抛物线形、柱形、椭球形等4种典型耐压壳的数值模型,与仿生耐压壳作对比分析。结果表明:解析法和数值法所得的经向应力、纬向应力、临界屈曲应力吻合良好,鹅蛋壳仿生耐压壳的强度和稳定性优于鸡蛋壳仿生耐压壳,具有较好的耐压特性;球形耐压壳储备浮力能力最优,鹅蛋形、鸡蛋形、柱形、椭球形、抛物线形耐压壳的储备浮力能力分别是球的87%、82%、68%、67%、66%;从储备浮力、壳内空间利用率、流线型、乘员舒适性等方面综合比较可知,鹅蛋壳仿生耐压壳可为深水耐压壳设计提供有效参考。

Bionic design and analysis of deepwater pressure hull

The design theory and analysis method of kilometer water-depth bionic pressure hull for eggshell were presented. Shape function for chicken eggshell and goose eggshells was proposed, using Upadhyaya e-quation and N-R equation, respectively. Secondly, bionic pressure hulls of the chicken eggshell and goose eggshell with the water depth of 6 km were designed, and strength and stability of the two hulls were inves-tigated based on analytical method and numerical method. Finally, numerical models of four classical pres-sure hulls, including spherical hull, parabolic hull, cylindrical hull and ellipsoidal hull, were employed for comparison with the two bionic pressure hulls. The results showed that, meridional stress, zonal stresses and critical buckling stresses from the numerical method agreed well with the analytical method. The goose pressure hull has perfect pressure resistance, whose strength and stability were better than the chicken pres-sure hull. Spherical pressure hull has the most buoyancy reserve capacity. Buoyancy reserve capacity for goose pressure hull, chicken pressure hull, cylindrical pressure hull, ellipsoidal pressure hull, parabolic pressure hull was respectively 87%, 82%, 68%, 67%, 66% of the spherical pressure hull. Goose pressure hull could provide effective guide for the design of deepwater pressure hull, considering buoyancy reserve, interior layout and hydrodynamics.