K-ras基因点突变在非小细胞肺癌中的意义

目的探讨K-ras基因点突变在非小细胞肺癌中的临床意义。方法应用聚合酶链反应结合限制性片段长度多态性分析技术检测41例非小细胞肺癌（NSCLc），21例肺癌癌旁正常肺组织和21例肺癌支气管旁淋巴结组织中K-ras基因第12位密码子点突变。结果41例NSCLC中有10例K-ras基因点突变，发生率为24.39％。K-ras基因点突变同患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、分化程度、临床分期和肿瘤类型无明显关系，吸烟组K-ras基因点突变率高于非吸烟组，但统计学处理无显著性差异，进一步分层比较发现肺腺癌K-ras基因点突变与吸烟有密切关系，但与吸烟量大小及时间长短无关。21例肺癌支气管旁淋巴结组织中检出4例K-ras基因点突变，均为转移淋巴结。K-ras基因突变组死亡率明显高于非突变组，统计学处理有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论K-ras基因第12位密码子点突变在NSCLC的发病机制中起重要作用，是影响肺癌预后的独立因素。吸烟是肺腺癌中K-ras基因点突变的一个重要因素。

Correlation between K-ras gene mutation and non-small cell lung cancer

Objective To explore the clinical significance of K-ras mutation in non-small cell lung cancer. Methods A K-ras codon 12 point mutation was detected by restriction fragment length polymorphisms combined with polymerase chain reaction in 41 tissues from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 21 normal tissues from nearby tumor and 21 lymph nodes from nearby bronchi. Results K-ras mutation was detected in 10 of 41 NSCLC((24.39%)). There was no relationship between K-ras mutation and the age, sex, differentiation of tumor, tumor volume,histologic type and tumor stage. K-ras mutation was more common in smoking group than in non-smoking group, but the statistical comparison was not significant. There was a strong link between cigarette smoking and K-ras point mutation in lung adenocarcinoma, but there was no relation between cigarette smoking amount and K-ras mutation. K-ras mutation was found in 4 of 21 metastatic lymph notes. The mortality in positive K-ras mutation was significantly higher than that in negative K-ras mutation(P<(0.05)). Conclusion The K-ras codon 12 point mutation plays an important role in the process of NSCLC. It could be an independent factor that has an adverse impact on the prognosis of lung cancer. Cigarette smoking is an important factor that causes K-ras mutation in adenocarcinoma of the lung.