超弹性SMA唯象本构模型及其在震动控制中的应用

超弹性形状记忆合金(SMA)具有可恢复应变大、与其他基体耦合难度低以及耐腐蚀性能好等优点,是实施结构振(震)动控制的理想材料。为充分发挥超弹性SMA的减振(震)性能,必须寻找可准确描述其物理力学性能的本构模型。本文对Graesser-Cozzarelli(G-C)唯象本构模型进行拓展,通过在G-C模型中加入马氏体硬化项,描述超弹性SMA在大应变幅值工况下的应力-应变关系;设计一种具有自复位功能的位移放大型SMA减震装置,并将建立的超弹性SMA改进G-C唯象本构模型应用于该减震装置控制结构的动力时程分析。相关数值分析结果表明:改进G-C唯象本构模型形式简单、概念明确、参数容易得到,具有一定的工程应用价值,可为SMA基减震装置力学性能数值仿真及其在被动减震控制中的应用提供理论基础。

Phenomenological Constitutive Model of Superelastic SMA and Its Application in Vibration Control

Superelastic shape memory alloy(SMA)is an ideal material for vibration control of structures due to its advantages of large recovery strain,low coupling difficulty with other substrates and good corrosion resistance.In order to give full play to the damping performance of superelastic SMA,it is necessary to find a constitutive model that can accurately describe its physical and mechanical properties.In this paper,Graesser-Cozzarelli(G-C)phenomenological constitutive model was extended.By adding martensitic hardening term into the G-C model,the stress-strain relationship of superelastic SMA under large strain amplitude was described.A large displacement amplification SMA damping device with self-centering function was designed,and the established superelastic SMA modified G-C phenomenological constitutive model was applied to the dynamic time history analysis of the control structure of the damping device.The numerical analysis results show that the improved G-C phenomenological constitutive model is simple in form,clear in concept,easy to obtain parameters,and has certain engineering application value,which can provide a theoretical basis for the numerical simulation of mechanical properties of SMA based damping device and its application in passive damping control.