地铁车轮降噪研究

利用轮轨噪声预测模型软件TWINS,以3种典型地铁车轮结构为例,分析车轮直径和制动方式对车轮噪声的影响,并利用各种阻尼措施和基于降低车轮噪声的车轮设计原则,对车轮结构进行优化和降噪研究.研究表明:减小车轮直径会增大车轮噪声声功率级约1.5～2.0 dB;轮盘制动的车轮比踏面闸瓦制动的车轮的噪声声功率级约小7.3 dB；采用三明治阻尼板和双阻尼环结构,可分别将SHL10车轮的噪声声功率级降低约7.8和4.6 dB;各种阻尼措施对NJL2车轮的降噪效果与SHL10车轮类似；采用单阻尼环(焊接接头)结构能将SHL10车轮的噪声声功率级降低约1.8 dB；双阻尼环结构对SHDB车轮的降噪效果明显；车轮结构优化后得到的SHL10O的车轮噪声声功率级比SHI10的车轮噪声声功率级降低2.3 dB,而NJI2O车轮的噪声声功率级比NJL2车轮的噪声声功率级降低1.6 dB.

Research on Metro Wheel Noise Reduction

With wheel-rail noise prediction model and TWINS software,the influences of wheel diameter and braking modes of three typical wheel structures on wheel noise were analyzed.Various wheel damping measures and wheel design principles based on noise reduction were adopted to optimize wheel structure and reduce wheel noise.The results show that decreasing wheel diameter will increase the sound power level of wheel noise about 1.5 to 2 dB.The sound power level of disc braking wheel is lower about 7.3 dB than that of tread braking wheel.Sandwich wheel dampers and double-ring dampers can reduce 7.8 and 4.6 dB sound power level of SHL10 wheel respectively.All types of dampers have similar effects on noise reduction of NJL2 wheel and SHL10 wheel.Single-ring damper(welded joint) structure can reduce 1.8 dB sound power level of SHL10 wheel noise.Double-ring dampers are more effective on noise reduction to SHDB wheel.After using the optimized wheel structure,the sound power level of SHL10O wheel is 2.3 dB lower than that of SHL10 wheel,whereas the sound power level of NJL2O wheel is 1.6 dB lower than that of NJL2 wheel.