保障基本机动性的中央财政公交投入机理

中央财政公交投入不到位是中国城市公交优先发展面临的重要问题，加强中央财政资金投入、完善公交财政保障体系才能确保未来城市公交发展的可持续动力。提出保障公民基本机动性平等是中央政府支持城市公交发展的重要价值基准，从法理上为中央财政承担城市公交支出责任提供依据。从基本公共服务供给最低水平均等化的角度出发，提出中央财政公交投入资金额度的测算方法，为中央财政公交投入的科学决策提供了参考依据。以2010年为目标年进行案例分析，测算得到全国保障基本机动性的中央财政公交投入总额为150.1亿元。

Central Budget Investment for Public Transit Development to Ensure Basic Mobility

Inadequate central budget is the main issue for prioritizing public transit development in Chinese cities. To promote sustainable development of urban public transit, it is necessary to increase investment and improve the financing insurance system for public transit. Through discussing the responsibility of cen-tral budget for urban public transit development, this paper points out that ensuring citizens’ basic mobili-ty is an important value benchmark for the central government to support urban public transit development. Emphasizing the equalization of minimum supply of basic public services, the paper proposes a methodolo-gy for estimating the investment funding to public transit from central budget, which provides decision sup-port for central budget funded public transit. Taking 2010 as the target year for case study, the result shows that a total of RMB15.05 billion is required to ensure the basic mobility across the country.