Green approaches at sea – The benefits of adjusting speed instead of anchoring |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Supply Chain Management, School of Decision Science, Hang Seng Management College, Hong Kong;2. Department of Applied Mathematics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong;3. Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong;4. Orient Overseas Container Line Limited, United Arab Emirates;1. Norwegian School of Economics (NHH), Helleveien 30, 5045 Bergen, Norway;2. Kedge Business School, 680 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France;3. LEMNA, University of Nantes, BP 52231, Chemin de la Censive du Tertre, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France;4. INED, Paris, France;1. Department of Transportation and Communication Management Science and the Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;2. Department of Transportation and Communication Management Science, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;1. Institute of Information Systems (IWI), University of Hamburg, Germany;2. Escuela de Ingeniería Industrial, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile;1. Norwegian School of Economics, Helleveien 30, 5045 Bergen, Norway;2. Center for Applied Research (SNF), Helleveien 30, 5045 Bergen, Norway |
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| Abstract: | In this paper, the concept ‘green approaches’ already used in aviation is applied to cargo transportation at sea. Instead of anchoring outside a port waiting for berth, ships can adjust their speed to arrive just in time for berthing. With improved incentives for reducing speed and shared information about berthing times, green approaches instead of anchoring can be a way to reduce fuel consumption and emissions without increasing the transit times of goods. The present study estimates the benefits to society as a whole for the EU ports in the Baltic Sea with Automatic Identification System data applying a new method using data collected in real time. Data consists of all anchored ships awaiting berth on 40 different occasions in 2015 and are subsequently extrapolated to a year. Fuel consumption by the individual ships, emissions and values are calculated from the detailed data with established models and estimates of unit values. The potential benefits are estimated at 27 million euros per year in the scenario where the near 15,000 anchorings by ships annually awaiting berth may instead start a green approach 12 h prior to arrival and may reduce speed by 25%, using the middle unit values for fuel and emissions. The methodology used in the paper can be applied to estimate the benefits of green approaches in other areas with anchored vessels. |
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| Keywords: | Emissions Sea transportation Anchoring Green approach CBA AIS data |
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