Impact of road gradient on energy consumption of electric vehicles |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Transportation and Logistics, Dalian University of Technology, China;2. Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Japan;3. Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Japan;1. School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia (M018), 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia;2. School of Engineering and Information Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Energy & Physics, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia;1. Department of Civil Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan;2. EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan;3. Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan;1. State Key Lab. of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130025, China;2. State Grid Energy Research Institute, Beijing, 102209, China;1. School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;2. Department of Civil Engineering, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, 3801 West Temple Ave., Pomona, CA 91768, United States |
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| Abstract: | We investigate the impact of road gradient on the electricity consumption of electric vehicles (EVs) by combining long-term GPS tracking data with digital elevation map (DEM) data for roads in Aichi prefecture, Japan. Eight regression models are constructed and analysed to compare the differences between linear and logarithmic forms of trip energy consumption, differences between considering the road gradient or not, and differences between considering the fixed effects of EVs or not. By categorizing gradients and assigning a percentage of the trip distance to each category, a significantly better model of electricity consumption can be achieved. The results of this study are a novel contribution toward understanding the challenges and benefits associated with downgrade braking on energy regeneration. |
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| Keywords: | Electric vehicle Energy efficiency Road gradient Fixed effect model |
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