交通宁静技术对机动车速度和道路安全的影响

在发展机动车交通的同时,如何给行人、社区居民一个和谐、安全的环境,是道路工程师和城市规划师必须要考虑的问题。交通宁静技术以速度管理和局部区域交通管理为设计基础,来合理控制住宅小区的交通量,以减少机动车对次要道路的主导作用。通过对国外相关文献的综合分析,来评定交通宁静技术对机动车速度和道路安全的影响,为我国的设计人员提供参考和建议。结果表明:交通宁静措施特别是竖向式偏移设施能够有效地减低机动车运行速度,其中高度为100 mm的减速丘和坡度为1:10~1:15的减速台为最有效的减速设施;交通宁静设施的设置尤其是实施全区域交通宁静技术方案后,对道路安全的改善有着十分积极的影响。

Influence of Traffic Calming Technique on Vehicle Speed and Road Security

How to give the pedestrians and community residents a harmonious and safe environment is the problem necessary for the road engineers and city planners to consider at the same time of developing the vehicle traffic. The traffic calming technique is designed on the speed management and the partial areal traffic management to reasonably control the traffic volume of residential area and to decrease the leading action of vehicle on the secondary roads. After the comprehensive analysis of the foreign relative literatures, the article assesses the influence of traffic calming technique on the vehicle speed and road security, which can provide the reference and suggestions for the designers. The result shows that the traffic calming technique, especially the vertical offset facilities can efficiently reduce the running speed of vehicles, in which the 100-mm height of speed bump and the 1:10-1:15 slope of deceleration stage are the most efficient deceleration facilities. The setup of traffic calming facilities is extremely positive measure to improve the road security especially after the traffic calming technique is implemented in the whole area.