基于APDL语言的套组弹簧参数优化设计

弹簧悬挂系统是机车车辆转向架的重要组成部分,对机车车辆运行是否平稳、能否顺利通过曲线并保证车辆安全运行,起着重要的作用。相对于单卷螺旋圆弹簧,双卷弹簧组在承载相同的载荷时,能在保证与单卷弹簧同样弹性性能的同时大大节省悬挂系统所占的空间,降低应力,提高悬挂系统的可靠性。圆柱螺旋弹簧传统设计采用试凑法,其设计过程费事繁琐,很难得出最有效的设计方案,现建立两级刚度弹簧优化模型的同时,运用了有限元分析软件ANSYS自带的优化单元APDL,通过一阶迭代优化计算弹簧相关参数的最优解,并在强度分析软件ANSYS中,对结果进行了验证。验证结果证明推荐的方法简单有效,能简化套组弹簧的设计过程,提高悬挂系统设计效率。

Optimization Design of Spring Group Based on APDL

Spring suspension system is a significant part of rolling stock, which can guarantee the vehicle operating safe on the track all the way. Instead of single steel spring, the spring group can save the space of suspension system and reduce its stress in the same load- ing condition. Using the traditional way to design spring suspension system is very difficult, so as the effective design scheme. In this paper, two-stage stiffness spring group is established, and the first-order optimization solution by APDL is utilized to calculate the opti- mal solution. The optimal results verified in the strength analysis ANSYS, prove that the recommended method is simple and effective, can simplify the design process and improve the efficiency of suspension system design.