基于MATLAB的转向梯形机构参数分析及优化设计

为了优化转向梯形结构，文章根据阿克曼原理，在整体式转向梯形机构中，建立了以外侧车轮的实际与理论转角的偏差最小，为目标函数的优化数学模型。应用MATLAB软件编程仿真分析了转向梯形底角和梯形臂长度对目标函数的影响，仿真结果表明：梯形底角对转向性能的影响，比转向梯形臂的长度对转向性能的影响显著。通过实例介绍了一种没有加入权重函数，而是根据计算数据和图形曲线，直接找到汽车常用转角范围的最优解的设计方法。最后运用MATLAB软件完成了转向梯形机构的优化。该方法对如何在制造和装配过程中尽量减小梯形底角的各种误差具有借鉴作用。

Parameters Analysis and Optimization Design Based on MATLAB for Steering Trapezium Mechanism

According to the Ackerman principle, an optimum marl1 model of objective functions which is minimum error between theoretic steering angle and practical one of outside steering tire was established in this paper. The relations between objective function and the base angle of steering trapezium, the length of steering trapezoidal arm were analyzed by using the MATLAB software, and the simulation data showed that the base angle of steering trapezium had much more influence on steering characteristic than the length of steering trapezoidal alan. Finally, this paper introduces an optimization method by an instance, tile result of which is obtained based on calculating data and figures without weighting function. This method has great significance for decreasing various errors in manufacturing and assembling.