高速铁路有砟轨道轮轨附加动荷载取值研究

为提出符合我国高速铁路有砟轨道线路质量状态的轮轨垂向附加动荷载取值,运用ANSYSLS-DYNA软件建立车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型,结合统计学理论,分析轮轨力统计特征值随车速、扣件刚度、簧上簧下质量与轨道质量状态等参数的变化规律。利用线路质量指数TQI管理标准作为表征线路质量状态的依据,仿真计算不同轨道质量状态下轮轨力随车速变化规律,进而提出高速铁路有砟轨道轮轨附加动荷载建议计算公式。研究结果表明:不同工况下轮轨力平均值与车辆静轮重基本相同;轮轨力标准差随车速、扣件刚度、簧上质量、簧下质量增大而增大,随轨道质量劣化而增大;当列车速度等于330 km/h且轨道质量状态较差时仿真得到的动力系数为1.99,速度大于330 km/h后大于无缝线路设计规范取值。

Study on the Value of Additional Dynamic Load of Ballast Track on High-speed Railway

In order to put forward the value of vertical additional dynamic load of wheel-rail conforming to the quality status of ballast-track of high-speed railway in China, ANSYSLS-DYNA software is used to establish the vehicle-track coupling dynamics model to analyze the law of wheel-rail vertical force statistical characteristics values changing with vehicle speed, fastener stiffness, sprung mass and unsprung mass, track quality and other parameters based on the theory of statistics. The track quality index TQI management standards are used as the basis for the characterization of track quality statuses to simulate the law of wheel-rail additional dynamic force changing with vehicle speed under different track quality. Then, suggested calculation formula of wheel-rail additional dynamic force on ballast track of high-speed railway is proposed. The results show that the average value of the wheel and rail dynamic force under different working conditions is basically the same as the vehicle’s static wheel weight. The statistical standard deviation of wheel-rail force increases with the increase of vehicle speed, fastener stiffness, sprung mass, unsprung mass, and with the deterioration of track quality. When the train speed is equal to 330 km/h and the track quality status is poor, the dynamic coefficient obtained by the simulation is 1.99;and when the speed is higher than 330 km/h, it is higher than the value in China’s continuous welded rail design specification.